The Effect of the Use of Social Networking Sites in the...

THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORKPLACE ON JOB PERFORMANCE A Dissertation by MURAD MOQBEL Submitted to Texas AM International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION May 2012 Concentration: Management Information Systems THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORKPLACE ON JOB PERFORMANCE A Dissertation by MURAD MOQBEL Submitted to Texas AM International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Approved as to style and content by: ~ Ned Kock (Chair†¦show more content†¦Their examples as scholars and teachers will guide me in my future academic career. Thank you Dr. William Gruben. Thank you to Ms. Pam Short for all your efforts in making sure that everything was in order before I was even admitted to the Ph.D. program. Thank you Peerayuth (Pete), Aziz, Ala’eddin, Jose, and all fellow Ph.D. students who have always been there for me for help and friendship. I would also like to thank all participants, from the US and Yemen, who helped me collect the data necessary for this study. vi Finally, I would like to thank my family for their love and support: my parents Abdo Naji Moqbel and Badriah Saleh, and my sisters, brothers, and in-laws, who have given me a good foundation with which to go through life and meet all challenges. And last but not least, I thank my wife, Shohud Ismail, who has been an indispensable source of love and strength for me. Through her patience, support, and unwavering belief in me, I have been able to complete this dissertation. I hope my work makes you proud. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. vii LIST OF TABLESShow MoreRelatedThe Influences of Fun and Humour in The Workplace Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pagesextent of how much fun and humour can be tolerated today. Issues occur when perceptions of appropriateness and personal barriers affect humour and fun in the workplace between stakeholders. 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National Action Plan NAP The Implementation Mechanism of Implantation Achievement and Failures - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2079 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/03/18 Category Analytics Essay Level High school Tags: Failure Essay Did you like this example? Pakistan has been targeted of an intense layer of terrorism and bomb attacks for last 10 to 18 years. But it abruptly increases after 9/11. Bomb attacks on government and public institutions, military personals and line enforcement agencies and offices of various organizations and suicide bomb attacks had become order of the day. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "National Action Plan NAP: The Implementation Mechanism of Implantation Achievement and Failures" essay for you Create order Which compel the government to carry out military operation in various parts of the country operation Al-Mizan, operation Rah-e-Haq, operation Zalzala, operation black thunderstorm, operation Raah-e-Raast operation sher dil, operation Rah-e-Nijat, operation Koh-e-Safaid and operation Zarb-e-Azab, operation Khyber I and II (Karachi operation I and Karachi operation II) costing over $123 of billion. The terrorism layer not only suffered Pakistan economically but it also created a sense of disability, chaos, and fear and sense of Horror in the country among mob/ general masses, apart from law and order situation in the country. Pakistan is a country badly affected by acts of terrorism, threatening Pakistan’s law and order situation, human rights, damaging basic infrastructure and economic opportunities. And once Pakistan was about to be declined the most unsafe state in the world. Pakistan is facing the menace of terrorism, which is eroding the social structure, economic developments and political system. The immediate costs of terrorist acts are loss of human lives, destruction of property and infrastructure and depression of short-term economic activity apart from immense economic loss and economic pressure or burden on the country. This include war on terror launched by security forces in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) and federally administrated tribal area (FATA) having borders shaved with Afghanistan and resultant displacement of some three million people from their homes. As a part of this layer of terrorism, the terrorist attacked army public school on army run school at Peshawar killing over 140 innocent student, which were claimed by the terrorist outfit Tahreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (Taliban movement of Pakistan TTP) was ostensibly a game changer the heart rending and soul piercing Peshawar tragedy took place that much hyped political consensus against terrorism. There are some events in the history of nations when all segments of society, irrespective of their differences came together and unite for a common purpose. Same event was repeatedly happened in Pakistan when on 16th December the tragic massacre in Army Public School Peshawar brought the entire nation on one page. All the political parties, both from government and opposition benches, military leadership civil society and people at large from all walks of life expressed their design of wiping out terrorism from country once and for all. This unprecedented unity and national consensus is significant, because all stakeholders of the safe for the first time collectively declared terrorism in all etc. forms and manifestations including that organized on the basis of religion and sect as the principal national security threat to Pakistan. This bleak and grief attack crowned into mourn and sorrow not only Pakistani nation, but also the international community. It united the whole nation under single slogan toe rush and wiped out terrorism from the county all party’s conference was called in Peshawar, in which the civil, political and military leadership after a long consideration and discussion framed a mechanism to count terrorism. Although several operation as mentioned were underway in sere veal parts of the country, but there was no fixed and functioning mechanism, to counter terrorism hill date. So all the political parties and civil military leadership agreed upon a 20 points to counter terrorism. Which is called national action plan (NAP). 1. Methodology The research is mainly of descriptive nature as the main concern is to specifically examine the national action plan. I have used journals, article, magazines and newspaper’s for eh collection of data above mention source is called secondary data. Which is used for this research? 2. Title of the study My research title is national action plan the achievement and failure. 3. Research Questions Although the Pak army has conducted the numbers of military operations than why nation action plan needed. What we achieved because of national action plan. What we lost in national action plan. Tool of data collection This research is based on secondary sources e.g. newspaper, article book’s statistical bulletins. 1.2 Objectives To determine the need for NAP that why a mechanism like NAP became necessary in spite of many ongoing military operations. Were the military operations insufficient and ineffective? To determine what is NAP (National Action Plan) and what are its elements. To study the mechanism of implementation of NAP and institutions involved in its implementation. And also its expense or boundary. Scorecard of NAP (To study the effectiveness of NAP). What lop holes and Weaknesses were involved with its implementation and does it fail or succeeded in combating terrorism? What should have been done to make it effective and successful and what should be done to avoid such accidents in future. To study achievements and weakness in national action plan with an overview of what so far happen under NAP and what actions and steps are taken by concern authorities in pursuance of NAP. 1.3 Significance of the Study After the origin of national action plan the countries politics revolved around it. The Government of PML (N) became totally dependent on Army for its survival and Army got enormous power and authorities over various aspect and affairs of the state. The political parties and leaders alleged the government for limiting the national action plan into specific area and targeting certain specific political parties and people by using NAP, For some political parties and leaders NAP was a devised instrument for targeting political opponents of the government on the other side government totally negate it, and suppose it as an instrument to counter terrorism therefore its study and analysis is significant. It is important to know NAP and its elements, that what is NAP and what is it for?. The focus of my study is to know NAP and its elements in its basic form and its purpose. There is lack of consensus over the mechanism and target of NAP among the political parties and leaders. To study the effectiveness, ineffectiveness and achievements under NAP is of great importance to get the people out of ambiguity. The twenty points agenda as devised by the civilian and military leadership with in collaboration to each one in order to counter the terrorist activist been curbed action plan resultantly the terrorist a hack on Peshawar army public school. But since the national action plan had constituted or established, from that very time it has been criticized by defend circles belongs to various walks of life due to the some ups and down being found in mentionable assure thing (NAP). So, therefore the research paper as preened by the researcher held, and vied to critically evaluate and scrutinized it’s achievement has been made so far through this (NAP) by law enforcement agencies, and the flaws or chemists as raised in proposed plan had also highlighted that what extent the national action plan had proved effective or ineffective. To counter terrorism in the country and also the challenges as being faced by the various relevant state inabilities due to their such policy or strategy in order to formulate all-encompassing counter-terrorism policies to root-out effectively the extremism, radicalization and sectionalism. Janjua 2016 (A Critical Analysis and Evaluation of the NAP’s Pitfalls Say’s) Along with the few achievements as repaved throng the national action plan (NAP) by the also having some serious flaws and misters. Under the (NAP) and national and counter terrorism association (NACTA), the anti-terrorism institutions and has not achieved any major objectives since form the inception of (NACTA) no significant efforts have been made to achieve or make active the almost inactive (NATA) under the protection of the (NAP) (Janjua, 2016). Asad Ullah Khan (January 06-2017) (is NAP Really Working?) Civilian and military government stands as a sign of success and progress over past few years. The military has conducted many operations and tried their best to minimize the strength (number) of their cops/soldiers in the no go arrears successfully their performance can be estimated and gauged from the decrease of almost 50 parent in violence related casualties and accidents in Pakistan between 2012 and 2016. At the national level, these efforts have gained immense public support which clearly reflects, that Pakistani society is trying to come out of this mess. Last but not least, national action plan needs some revision / review not in terms of new policy options. But in terms of political will to implement the available options on ground. For serious implementation of all the twenty (20) points of the plan, these points must be subdivided into plans and directives for implementation, so that a tussle in institutions on implementation is avoided. Only military have power is not a final solution to curb the menace of violent extremism in Pakistan. There is an extremely serious and urgent need to establish a national narrative based upon a mix of hard and soft power known as smart power to stabilize the society, namely provide sustainable peace and progress to the terror-victim areas in long-term The Peshawar attack occurred amid a four-month political crisis, begin in mid-august 2014 in which the newly elected prime minister and serving chairman of Pakistan Tahreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party and the cleric political and leader of Pakistan Awami Tahreek Dr. Tahir ul- Qadri led large demonstrations demanding of former prime minister Nawaz Sharif’s resignation and parliaments dissolution because of the alleged and controversial election and were demanding for construction or formation of judicial commission to probe the election. Weakened by these the Pakistan Muslim league (Nawaz) PML-N government became more dependent on the other opposition parties (PPP, PML a and other) and coalition parties (QWP, JUI and other) and military for survival. The military’s almost complete control over national security and counter terrorism policy should be seen in the light of its continual encroachment into civillian off airs since restoration of democracy in 2008. (www.southasiancews.com, October 27, 2009.) The national action plan (NAP) prepared by the all parties conference in consolation with the military. The 16th December 2014 attack in Peshawar claimed by the Tehreek-e-Talban (TTP) was ostensibly a game changer. A week later, the Pakistan (Muslim league Nawaz) unveiled a new counter-terrorism strategy, the twenty point national action plan (NAP) with prime minister Nawaz Shairf and Army chief Raheel Sharif vowing to forget all terror groups without any distinction. Six months later and continued terror attacks, the NAP looks far more like a hostile conceived wish-list devised for public consumption during a moment of crisis than a coregent strategy. The meeting addresses the other tasks and responsibilities assigned down to the military and intelligence agencies and took decision regarding their implementation. The national action plan empowered the military the performing institution. The legal authority awarded to the military seriously undermines the judiciary this over stepping would be detrimental to the cause of both the institutions. Whereas there was the need that the actions plan, should have come-up with ideas to correct the delays in dispensation of justice, and the development of modalities and procedure to deal with corruption. After inaugurating the â€Å"NAP† on 24 December, the Sharif government implemented two major elements of the military without delay lifting the predecessor government’s 2008 moratorium on the death penalty, and passing on 6 January 2015 the 21st constitutional commandments empowering special military courts to dry all terrorists, and suspects, including civilians. Thus the military with immense powers started their action to implement â€Å"NAP† under the prescribed and described principles eradicating and exterminating all the hurdles and obstacles, which were posed in its path either from civilian government or from other groups, the military openly condemned the barriers and hurdles, even it alleged and criticized the government for so many times for planning hurdle in taking away â€Å"NAP† to its logical and to act upon it in its read soul. At the military’s reservation over National action plan since the NAP has been launched. NAP has been launched. As the attack on Army public school was a question mark lied on ongoing continued military operations in the same way despite the launch and swing of mechanism and set of actions against like national action plan another attack of the same type on Bacha Khan university Charsadda, and later on attack on Quetta hospital west creating an another question mark on national action plan (NaP) furthermore the bomb attack on a park in Lahore is another question mark lied on the implementation of NAP without any distention.

Social Media As An Investigative Object - 966 Words

The main argument of this text is social media being an investigative object. The authors of this text clearly illustrate how social media has acted as an investigative object. The following points support this aspect of social media. †¢ One of the major roles of the social media in modern policing is acting as an analytical tool. Criminal investigations tend to incorporate use of social media in creating leads towards the suspects . This is mainly because most people have the tendency in updating their whereabouts on social media and even it is possible to know the character of someone by accessing their accounts. †¢ Because of presence of numerous cases without leads, social media can be used to initiate those leads making the detectives have easy time while handling these issues. †¢ Most cases that have festered can be revitalized by having access to the concerned individuals and have they brought to book. This is among the positives that can be drawn from the use of social media The main argument of this text is the limitations of using social media in modern policing. The author of this article illustrates the limitations in which social media can be used in community policing. The following points support this argument. †¢ Despite the numerous positive roles played by social media in modern policing, there are also related negative roles in the process . The most common problem involved in modern policing is the security threats that are incurred by the officersShow MoreRelatedThe History Of Community Television In Colombia1194 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational media contents, years before the privatization of television distribution in the country. Images, ideas and practices that surrounded the introduction of these devices lead to a range of larger questions regarding social aspirations and distinctions attached to technology. 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Emirates Embraces Motivation on Organizational †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Emirates Embraces Motivation on Organizational. Answer: Introduction Emirates Airlines is a leading airline that is based in Dubai. The government-owned airline is an emirates groups subsidiary and it remains the largest airline in the region. According to various studies, Emirates operates about 3,600 flights to over 81 countries around the world on the weekly basis (The Emirates Group 2017). Dubai International Airport is its main hub and it takes flights to 140 cities. Interestingly, the company uses Emirates SkyCargo for its cargo activities. This airline operates a different fleet of Boeing wide-body aircraft and Airbus. Emirates has over 64,768 employees worldwide and headed by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum and the president, Tim Clark (The Emirates Group 2013). The company has diversified its operations into various sectors and industries including engineering, airport services, tour operator, and catering operations (Presler 2013). Today, the parent company operates over fifty subsidiaries while Emirates has over seven subsidiaries (The Emirates Group 2017). Interestingly, Emirates airline values its employees as it offers them various benefits including paid sick and maternity leave and comprehensive health plan. As part of its performance management, the company uses merit pay and profit sharing programs. Given these benefits, it becomes necessary to analyze the motivational policy of the company. Leadership and management have become necessary factors to determine the success of any business. Leadership focuses on the influencing people and creating a good environment where people can follow directions willingly (The Emirates Group 2013). The leader is expected to guide the followers and give a clear vision for the organization. Similarly, management ensures things are done through others. The managers must work through or with others to realize the objectives of the organization. To this effect, management controls direct, organizes, and plans resources based on the moral standing of the organization. Indisputably, both management and leadership can make organizations successful. Management and leadership help an organization to achieve its goals. At Emirates, management and leadership processes have defined the continued success of the Airlines. Currently, the Sheik Ahmed Saeed, who serves as the CEO and chairperson of the company, heads the organization (Goodson 2017). Sheik Ahmed bin Saeed leads the senior management team that has made the airline to make remarkable economic development. Sheik Ahmed, who doubles as the chair and CEO, has successfully spearheaded the expansion of Emirates by formulating fiscal, investment, and economic policies and strategies. 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This implies that the company has attracted people with different religions, origin, tradition, and race. These people must interact and live together. Nonetheless, the companys working language is English (Goodson 2017). The companys continued to manage the culturally diverse employees and workplace has made it effective and successful. The company has adopted the best diversity evaluation process in managing its operations. The company believes that the 160 nationalities have unique strengths thus giving it an international status. The diverse workforce brings new ideas, thinking, and innovative styles to bolster its business (Bamber et al. 2009). The company continuously promoted and recruited workers without discrimination. It has further emphasized the significance of treating people w ith dignity and respect thus allows workers to maximize their potential. The company has thus embraced cultural diversity through communication, recruitment, and equal opportunity. Emirates Airlines has promoted the management of culturally diverse customers (Mayasandra 2011). This is because customers define the success of this business. Since the company flies to over 60 countries and 100 destinations worldwide, it stands to serve customers of a different background. The company seems to be concerned with the needs of customers. To this effect, it tries to communicate with them effectively. It has continuously listened to the needs of its stakeholders including suppliers, investors, and bankers (Gale 2009). It has established an understandable communication through international language to serve the clients. To this effect, English has ensured it serves its customers prudently. The company also embraces Arabic style food services (Goodson 2017). The tastes of the Middle Eastern culture regarding food attract people of different backgrounds. It has ensured that its employees use the Islamic procedures of handling food. This implies that customers rarely serve d with alcohol. Sometimes the company offers customers iftar as part of their pride. Motivation theories Motivation remains an important process of influencing and encouraging people to do the right thing and maximize their potential. Motivation, as a factor, is based on the relationship of variables thus explains the persistence, amplitude, and direction of a persons behavior (Robescu Lancu 2017). Although their many theories explaining and demonstrating motivation, the most important ones include Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory, Alderfers existence-relatedness-growth theory, and Maslows hierarchy of needs (Osabiya 2014). These theories have emerged to be necessary for motivating people thus help management to understand the significance of motivating the workforce. The Maslow motivation theory has defined the human motivation. According to this theory, the management needs to satisfy the employees psychological and basic needs (Robescu Lancu 2017). The low- and high-level needs including self-actualization are essential in meeting the needs of workers. Maslow theory focuses on the peoples basic requirements, which pleases them effectively. This theory is based on different levels of needs including physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem needs. In most cases, the employees have met their safety and psychological, but expect the firm to serve their high-level needs. At Emirates, employees are motivated strongly (Osabiya 2014). This has made it an attractive employer of diverse people. The company offers its diverse workforce recognition, rewards, performance programs, and incentives to encourage them. In most cases, many employees have opted to build their careers with the company (Benjamin-Lowry et al. 2013). Emirates Airline believes that well-trained, experienced, and skilled workers would define its business success. To this effect, the organization offers vocational training and development programs to the employees thus help them to be effective and efficient in their duties. For instance, most of the per forming and outstanding cabin crews have been promoted to flight purser within a short time. Most of them have also gained specialized skills to become trainers in the cabin services. Effects of motivation on Emirates Airlines Motivation has increased the ability of workers to become effective. The company has gained a competitive position in the market because of the motivated workers. Motivation has had a direct impact on the employee productivity and organizational performance (Bamber et al. 2009). The leaders seem to motivate all stakeholders in achieving their goals because it engages them in making decisions. Drucker and Maciariello (2008) affirm that the leaders continue to motivate workers to inspire them thus enabling them to do their work willingly. This has ensured Emirates get marvelous success. Importantly, people respond situations differently. Currently, the company operates many flights to different destinations (Robescu Lancu 2017). It has established the best corporate plan that values stakeholder diversity. Based on the diversity, the management uses an approach that befits their needs because it involves clients and community leading to a better performance. With the motivation in Emir ates, employees have remained committed thus offer quality services to clients. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are the two types of motivation that companies should try to practice. Importantly, people have distinct needs and require different motivation. Intrinsic motivation involves using motivational stimuli to ensure people perform their tasks and fulfill the desires (Benjamin-Lowry et al. 2013). In most cases, people have different desires that they need to meet and fulfill. The intrinsic motivation is founded on these desires including acceptance, social contact, power, independence, honor, order, and social status. At Emirates, employees are motivated through workplace conditions, promotions, training, appreciation incentives, payment incentives and monetary incentives. Nasibov (2015) affirms that the company has continuously invested in training and developing the workforce. It also creates the comfortable working environment. Its reward system, policies, and salaries are competitive thus make it an attractive employer in the market (Bamber et al. 2 009). As part of the intrinsic motivation, the employees are recognized through promotions like allowing the cabin crew to be trainers. Given the current competitive environment, the company continues to train workers on new skills. The company also offer workers paid sick and maternity leave and comprehensive health plans to motivate them. The company considers employee development and training to be an important process. With training, the company has emphasized the significance of new skills that employees must attain to help improve the services (Jeffs 2008). The company understands that the results of training are incomparable because of the big payoffs including improved competence and productivity (Presler 2013). It has also broken down its training services to meet the expectations of the workers. This is evident where the company allows workers to share their opinion regarding career progression and development. Emirates also value extrinsic motivation, as it believes that employees are motivated by external stimuli. Importantly, the company offers attractive remuneration and rewards to workers (Bamber et al. 2009). The bonuses and organized activities have become necessary in improving workforce performance at Emirates. It further allows workers and management to enjoy merit pay and profit sharing to motivate them. Challenges and problems The company has experienced challenges in its employee training and development programs (Presler 2013). Recently, many stakeholders have criticized the companys training and development because it is never based on the market needs. This is because the organization has failed to look into the activities of its rivals. The company has also failed to use its strong image in the industry to maximize employee excellence and innovation through training and development. It has failed to understand that it is its responsibility to offer clients and customers dependable, sage, and friendly transportation. The training programs of the firm are not customer-oriented. Recommendations Emirates Airlines should make its training programs to serve the specific setting needs thus guarantee the organization the best results. The company should look into the activities and operations of its rivals and other events externally and internally (Benjamin-Lowry et al. 2013). Such activities will help it know the best strategies for sustaining its comparative advantage regarding its workforce training and development programs. The approach will also allow the airline to maximize its strengths and empower workers. The company must fight to protect its reputation because it has shaken the global aviation industry. However, with irrelevant training programs, the company might interfere with its long-standing brand in the market (Chernev 2012). Therefore, it needs to improve training programs to make workers excellent and innovative. Through training, the employees will understand that it is their responsibility to offer clients dependable, friendly transportation tags, and sage and related industrial services (The Emirates Group 2017). The training should make it possible for workers to offer memorable customer services because the training is customer-oriented. Emirates Airlines should focus on offering superior services by recruiting the best talents in the market. However, the management must embrace cultural diversity so that it can access relevant ideas that will help the airline to upgrade its services. Emirates airline has the responsibility to empower employees to achieve maintain its competitive and profitable position (Goel 2009). This should involve sending some staff to gain continuous professional training thus become exposed to new ideas and become motivated. Conclusion Based on the data collected from the organization, the motivation of workforce is a priority at Emirates Airlines. Most employees have expressed their satisfaction, as they believe the company has made them productive and motivated. Currently, the company is among the most successful airlines worldwide. This success is attributed to the efforts of workers. In fact, most of its employees have been credited for offering the best customer services thus promote loyalty. Motivation seems to have inspired the employees to enjoy incomparable job satisfaction. The leaders of the company must understand that empowering workforce would maximize their productivity because it offers them an opportunity to make decisions. Therefore, effective style guarantees employees performance. Bibliography Bamber, GJ, Gittell, JH, Kochan, TA Von Nordenflytch, A 2009, Up in the air: How airlines can improve performance by engaging their employees. Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 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